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1000 Titel
  • Multiple Vitamin K Forms Exist in Dairy Foods
1000 Autor/in
  1. Fu, Xueyan |
  2. Harshman, Stephanie G |
  3. Shen, Xiaohua |
  4. Haytowitz, David B |
  5. Karl, J Philip |
  6. Wolfe, Benjamin E |
  7. Booth, Sarah L |
1000 Erscheinungsjahr 2017
1000 Publikationstyp
  1. Artikel |
1000 Online veröffentlicht
  • 2017-06-01
1000 Erschienen in
1000 Quellenangabe
  • 1(6):e000638
1000 Copyrightjahr
  • 2017
1000 Lizenz
1000 Verlagsversion
  • https://doi.org/10.3945/cdn.117.000638 |
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5998353/ |
1000 Ergänzendes Material
  • https://academic.oup.com/cdn/article/1/6/e000638/4558638#supplementary-data |
1000 Publikationsstatus
1000 Begutachtungsstatus
1000 Sprache der Publikation
1000 Abstract/Summary
  • BACKGROUND: The plant-based form of vitamin K (phylloquinone, vitamin K-1) has been well quantified in the US diet. Menaquinones (vitamin K-2) are another class of vitamin K compounds that differ from phylloquinone in the length and saturation of their side chain, but they have not been well characterized in foods. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to 1) quantify phylloquinone and the different forms of menaquinones [menaquinone (MK) 4–MK13] in milk, yogurt, Greek yogurt, creams, and cheeses and 2) compare the menaquinone contents of full-fat, reduced-fat, and nonfat dairy products. METHODS: All dairy samples were either obtained from the USDA National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program or purchased from retail outlets. Phylloquinone and menaquinone concentrations in these dairy products were quantified by mass spectrometry technology. RESULTS: Full-fat dairy products contained appreciable amounts of menaquinones, primarily in the forms of MK9, MK10, and MK11. We also measured modest amounts of phylloquinone, MK4, MK8, and MK12 in these products. In contrast, there was little MK5–7 or MK13 detected in the majority of dairy products. The total vitamin K contents of soft cheese, blue cheese, semi-soft cheese, and hard cheese were (means ± SEMs): 506 ± 63, 440 ± 41, 289 ± 38, and 282 ± 5.0 µg/100 g, respectively. Nonfermented cheeses, such as processed cheese, contained lower amounts of vitamin K (98 ± 11 µg/100 g). Reduced-fat or fat-free dairy products contained ∼5–22% of the vitamin K found in full-fat equivalents. For example, total vitamin K contents of full-fat milk (4% fat), 2%-fat milk, 1%-fat milk, and nonfat milk were 38.1 ± 8.6, 19.4 ± 7.7, 12.9 ± 2.0, and 7.7 ± 2.9 µg/100 g, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of menaquinone contents of US dairy products. Findings indicate that the amount of vitamin K contents in dairy products is high and proportional to the fat content of the product.
1000 Sacherschließung
lokal phylloquinone
lokal fermented
lokal reduced fat
lokal menaquinones
lokal vitamin K
lokal dairy products
1000 Fächerklassifikation (DDC)
1000 Liste der Beteiligten
  1. https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/RnUsIFh1ZXlhbg==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/SGFyc2htYW4sIFN0ZXBoYW5pZSBH|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/U2hlbiwgWGlhb2h1YQ==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/SGF5dG93aXR6LCBEYXZpZCBC|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/S2FybCwgSiBQaGlsaXA=|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/V29sZmUsIEJlbmphbWluIEU=|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/creator/Qm9vdGgsIFNhcmFoIEw=
1000 Label
1000 Förderer
  1. U.S. Department of Agriculture |
  2. National Dairy Council |
1000 Fördernummer
  1. 58-1950-7-707; 58-1235-1-193
  2. -
1000 Förderprogramm
  1. Agricultural Research Service
  2. -
1000 Dateien
  1. Multiple Vitamin K Forms Exist in Dairy Foods
1000 Förderung
  1. 1000 joinedFunding-child
    1000 Förderer U.S. Department of Agriculture |
    1000 Förderprogramm Agricultural Research Service
    1000 Fördernummer 58-1950-7-707; 58-1235-1-193
  2. 1000 joinedFunding-child
    1000 Förderer National Dairy Council |
    1000 Förderprogramm -
    1000 Fördernummer -
1000 Objektart article
1000 Beschrieben durch
1000 @id frl:6411839.rdf
1000 Erstellt am 2018-12-18T12:10:09.425+0100
1000 Erstellt von 218
1000 beschreibt frl:6411839
1000 Bearbeitet von 218
1000 Zuletzt bearbeitet Fri Oct 08 17:55:26 CEST 2021
1000 Objekt bearb. Fri Oct 08 17:55:25 CEST 2021
1000 Vgl. frl:6411839
1000 Oai Id
  1. oai:frl.publisso.de:frl:6411839 |
1000 Sichtbarkeit Metadaten public
1000 Sichtbarkeit Daten public
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