Toxicity of fluoride: critical evaluation of evidence for human developmental neurotoxicity in epidemiological studies, animal experiments and in vitro analyses

  1. Guth, Sabine
  2. Hüser, Stephanie
  3. Roth, Angelika
  4. Degen, Gisela H ORCID logo
  5. Diel, Patrick
  6. Edlund, Karolina ORCID logo
  7. Eisenbrand, Gerhard
  8. Engel, Karl-Heinz
  9. Epe, Bernd
  10. Grune, Tilman
  11. Heinz, Volker
  12. Henle, Thomas
  13. Humpf, Hans-Ulrich
  14. Jäger, Henry
  15. Joost, Hans-Georg
  16. Kulling, Sabine E.
  17. Lampen, Alfonso
  18. Mally, Angela
  19. Marchan, Rosemarie ORCID logo
  20. Marko, Doris
  21. Mühle, Eva
  22. Nitsche, Michael ORCID logo
  23. Röhrdanz, Elke
  24. Stadler, Richard
  25. van Thriel, Christoph ORCID logo
  26. Vieths, Stefan
  27. Vogel, Rudi F.
  28. Wascher, Edmund ORCID logo
  29. Watzl, Carsten ORCID logo
  30. Nöthlings, Ute
  31. Hengstler, Jan ORCID logo

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1000 Titel
  • Toxicity of fluoride: critical evaluation of evidence for human developmental neurotoxicity in epidemiological studies, animal experiments and in vitro analyses
1000 Autor/in
  1. Guth, Sabine |
  2. Hüser, Stephanie |
  3. Roth, Angelika |
  4. Degen, Gisela H |
  5. Diel, Patrick |
  6. Edlund, Karolina |
  7. Eisenbrand, Gerhard |
  8. Engel, Karl-Heinz |
  9. Epe, Bernd |
  10. Grune, Tilman |
  11. Heinz, Volker |
  12. Henle, Thomas |
  13. Humpf, Hans-Ulrich |
  14. Jäger, Henry |
  15. Joost, Hans-Georg |
  16. Kulling, Sabine E. |
  17. Lampen, Alfonso |
  18. Mally, Angela |
  19. Marchan, Rosemarie |
  20. Marko, Doris |
  21. Mühle, Eva |
  22. Nitsche, Michael |
  23. Röhrdanz, Elke |
  24. Stadler, Richard |
  25. van Thriel, Christoph |
  26. Vieths, Stefan |
  27. Vogel, Rudi F. |
  28. Wascher, Edmund |
  29. Watzl, Carsten |
  30. Nöthlings, Ute |
  31. Hengstler, Jan |
1000 Erscheinungsjahr 2020
1000 LeibnizOpen
1000 Publikationstyp
  1. Artikel |
1000 Online veröffentlicht
  • 2020-05-08
1000 Erschienen in
1000 Quellenangabe
  • 94:1375-1415
1000 FRL-Sammlung
1000 Copyrightjahr
  • 2020
1000 Lizenz
1000 Verlagsversion
  • https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02725-2 |
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7261729/ |
1000 Ergänzendes Material
  • https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00204-020-02725-2#Sec31 |
1000 Publikationsstatus
1000 Begutachtungsstatus
1000 Sprache der Publikation
1000 Abstract/Summary
  • Recently, epidemiological studies have suggested that fluoride is a human developmental neurotoxicant that reduces measures of intelligence in children, placing it into the same category as toxic metals (lead, methylmercury, arsenic) and polychlorinated biphenyls. If true, this assessment would be highly relevant considering the widespread fluoridation of drinking water and the worldwide use of fluoride in oral hygiene products such as toothpaste. To gain a deeper understanding of these assertions, we reviewed the levels of human exposure, as well as results from animal experiments, particularly focusing on developmental toxicity, and the molecular mechanisms by which fluoride can cause adverse effects. Moreover, in vitro studies investigating fluoride in neuronal cells and precursor/stem cells were analyzed, and 23 epidemiological studies published since 2012 were considered. The results show that the margin of exposure (MoE) between no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) in animal studies and the current adequate intake (AI) of fluoride (50 µg/kg b.w./day) in humans ranges between 50 and 210, depending on the specific animal experiment used as reference. Even for unusually high fluoride exposure levels, an MoE of at least ten was obtained. Furthermore, concentrations of fluoride in human plasma are much lower than fluoride concentrations, causing effects in cell cultures. In contrast, 21 of 23 recent epidemiological studies report an association between high fluoride exposure and reduced intelligence. The discrepancy between experimental and epidemiological evidence may be reconciled with deficiencies inherent in most of these epidemiological studies on a putative association between fluoride and intelligence, especially with respect to adequate consideration of potential confounding factors, e.g., socioeconomic status, residence, breast feeding, low birth weight, maternal intelligence, and exposure to other neurotoxic chemicals. In conclusion, based on the totality of currently available scientific evidence, the present review does not support the presumption that fluoride should be assessed as a human developmental neurotoxicant at the current exposure levels in Europe.
1000 Sacherschließung
gnd 4303356-8 Toxikologische Bewertung
lokal Sodium fluoride
lokal Developmental neurotoxicity
lokal Risk assessment
lokal Animal studies
lokal Epidemiological studies
lokal In vitro data
1000 Fächerklassifikation (DDC)
1000 Liste der Beteiligten
  1. https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/R3V0aCwgU2FiaW5l|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/SMO8c2VyLCBTdGVwaGFuaWU=|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/Um90aCwgQW5nZWxpa2E=|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-6195|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/RGllbCwgUGF0cmljaw==|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0276-2143|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/RWlzZW5icmFuZCwgR2VyaGFyZA==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/RW5nZWwsIEthcmwtSGVpbno=|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/RXBlLCBCZXJuZA==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/R3J1bmUsIFRpbG1hbg==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/SGVpbnosIFZvbGtlcg==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/SGVubGUsIFRob21hcw==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/SHVtcGYsIEhhbnMtVWxyaWNo|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/SsOkZ2VyLCBIZW5yeQ==|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/Sm9vc3QsIEhhbnMtR2Vvcmc=|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/S3VsbGluZywgU2FiaW5lIEUu|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/TGFtcGVuLCBBbGZvbnNv|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/TWFsbHksIEFuZ2VsYQ==|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4414-1633|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/TWFya28sIERvcmlz|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/TcO8aGxlLCBFdmE=|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-5965|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/UsO2aHJkYW56LCBFbGtl|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/U3RhZGxlciwgUmljaGFyZA==|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3215-9262|https://d-nb.info/gnd/143949705|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/Vm9nZWwsIFJ1ZGkgRi4=|https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3616-9767|https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5195-0995|https://frl.publisso.de/adhoc/uri/TsO2dGhsaW5ncywgVXRl|https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-5246
1000 Label
1000 Förderer
  1. Projekt DEAL |
  2. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft |
1000 Fördernummer
  1. -
  2. HE 2509/15-11
1000 Förderprogramm
  1. Open access funding
  2. -
1000 Dateien
1000 Förderung
  1. 1000 joinedFunding-child
    1000 Förderer Projekt DEAL |
    1000 Förderprogramm Open access funding
    1000 Fördernummer -
  2. 1000 joinedFunding-child
    1000 Förderer Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft |
    1000 Förderprogramm -
    1000 Fördernummer HE 2509/15-11
1000 Objektart article
1000 Beschrieben durch
1000 @id frl:6422818.rdf
1000 Erstellt am 2020-08-28T10:19:10.145+0200
1000 Erstellt von 254
1000 beschreibt frl:6422818
1000 Bearbeitet von 317
1000 Zuletzt bearbeitet 2022-04-04T11:13:25.878+0200
1000 Objekt bearb. Mon Apr 04 11:13:03 CEST 2022
1000 Vgl. frl:6422818
1000 Oai Id
  1. oai:frl.publisso.de:frl:6422818 |
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